Ingredients and their effects:

• GLUCOSAMINE SULFATE

From a chemical point of view, glucosamine is an aminomonosaccharide, or a monosaccharide characterized by the replacement of a hydroxy functional group with an amino functional group. Glucosamine is one of the main precursors of glycoproteins, particularly proteoglycans, macromolecules consisting of a central protein structure (core) to which disaccharide or glycosaminoglycan (GAG) structures are covalently bound. These are long, unbranched chains composed of repeating, alternating units of disaccharides and aminosaccharides.

All GAGs contain glucosamine deposits. Proteoglycans are the main components of the extracellular matrix of bone and cartilage connective tissue and are linked by noncovalent bonds to long chains of hyaluronic acid—chemically also a glycosaminoglycan (GAG). Within these huge aggregates of proteoglycans and hyaluronic acid, proteins such as collagen, elastin, and fibronectin are also present in the structure, making the structure itself more resilient. Glucosamine therefore plays a very important role in the structure of these tissues. Therefore, its administration to growing dogs and cats can be very beneficial for the normal and healthy development of bones and joints.

• Chondrotin Sulphate

Chondroitin sulfate is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG), which, in the form of proteoglycans, is also a very important component of the extracellular structure of bone and cartilage connective tissue. Administering glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate to puppies can therefore be beneficial for strengthening and chondroprotecting bone and cartilage structures.

• HORSETAIL (EQUISETUM ARVENSE)

Horsetail is particularly rich in silica, both in its stem and leaves. Good silica content is also found in whole grain products, seafood (crustaceans), many vegetables (onions, shallots, strawberries, peas, drinking water, and some mineral waters). Over the past decade, several studies have found that silicon is a trace element that plays an important role in connective tissue, particularly bones and cartilage. Some bone and cartilage abnormalities have been linked to a decrease in structural components, demonstrating that silicon is essential for the formation of collagen and GAGs. The primary effect of silicon in bone and cartilage is on the organic structure (in the form of collagen fibers), which is embedded in the amorphous substance composed of proteoglycans and GAGs. The organic structure of bone appears to be more affected by silicon deficiency than the mineralization process. Further support for the metabolic role of silicon in connective tissue is provided by the discovery that silicon is a major ion in osteogenic cells and is present in particularly high concentrations when the cell is metabolically active. Furthermore, silicon reaches relatively high levels in the mitochondria of these cells. Deficiencies of this element have been shown in feeding tests to result in defective joint formation, poor endochondrial growth, and defects in articular cartilage. Due to its silica content, Eqisetum may be very useful in supporting the functionality of bones and cartilage.

• EFFECT OF FED PROTEINS

Food constantly produces acidic waste, and the body does its best to eliminate it. It is well known that a diet rich in protein, especially animal and, to a lesser extent, plant-based foods, leads to the formation of numerous acidic waste products. However, the body is able to balance (neutralize) excess acidic substances by triggering various mechanisms. However, if it lacks an adequate supply of bases (bicarbonates), it cannot neutralize these acids 100%. In this situation, bone represents a fundamental mineral reserve from which the body draws. In the long term, this leads to a depletion of bone mass through weakening of the bone. The amount of calcium contained in a food is not so important, but rather its ability to prevent calcium from being eliminated from the body. Therefore, it is essential to always maintain a balanced diet with nutrients such as proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.

• FINGERTANG (LAMINARIA DIGITATA)

Finger kelp is a brown algae and a source of various nutrients such as sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, and iodine, providing all the benefits of these substances in a natural, non-synthetic form. The calcium contained in algae is an excellent nutrient for puppies.

• SPIRULINA MAXIMA

is also a well-known and healthy seaweed. Algae in general, especially their cell walls, are rich in polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids. Spirulina is known for its cleansing properties due to its polysaccharide components and for its antioxidant properties due to the phenolic acids, alpha-tocopherol, and beta-carotene it contains.

• PERNA CANALICULUS

Commonly known as the New Zealand green-lipped mussel, some recent studies have shown that this mussel species is particularly beneficial for joint health. This property is attributed to several nutrients. However, it appears to be primarily due to the presence of eicosatetraenoic acid (ETA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid in the omega-3 series. Perna canaliculus has a similar mineral content to humans. It contains high levels of proteins, carbohydrates, glycosaminoglycans (glucosamine), lipids, and, as mentioned above, minerals.

• VITAMIN C

is a vitamin with antioxidant effects that contributes to the formation of native collagen.

• VITAMIN E

has, among other things, an antioxidant effect.

• SELENIUM

is a mineral that supports the normal function of the immune system and contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.

• FISH OIL – Improved recipe – now with the addition of FISH OIL

Fish oil is a well-known source of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-3 series. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are molecules consisting of a carbon chain terminated by a carboxyl group and a methyl group. Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are considered essential fatty acids because the body cannot synthesize (produce) them itself and these nutrients must therefore be obtained from the diet. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly EPA and DHA, are known to have health-promoting properties, particularly a positive effect on heart function, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels.

---

A notice:

DOGOjunior® is a dietary supplementary feed to promote harmonious and healthy development of the bones and joints of growing dogs and cats.

Composition:

Products from the processing of herbs and algae (Equisetum Arvense L. / horsetail powder 10%, Laminaria digitata / finger kelp powder) 5%, Spirulina Maxima / spirulina algae powder 4%), glucosamine sulfate (from animal tissue) 10%, chondroitin sulfate (from pork) 10%, maltodextrin, hydrolysates of animal proteins (from poultry liver), magnesium salt of stearic acid, fish oil 1%, Perna Canaliculus (powder of the New Zealand green-lipped mussel) 1%.

Improved recipe – now with the addition of FISH OIL.

Average contents of the characteristic ingredients per 1 gram tablet:

Chondroitin sulfate (from pork) 100 mg, Glucosamine sulfate (from marine crustaceans) 100 mg, Equisetum Arvense L. (Horsetail) 100 mg, Laminaria Digitata (Fingerkelp) 50 mg, Spirulina Maxima (Spirulina algae) 40 mg, Perna Canaliculus (New Zealand green-lipped mussel) 10 mg, L-glutamic acid 50 mg, Selenium 52.5 µg, Vitamin C 60 mg.

Feeding instructions:

For dogs and cats from 2 months of age until the end of the growth phase.

The tablets can be added to the daily feed ration.

Due to their high palatability, the tablets can also be administered directly orally.

Dosage per day and animal:

• Cats & dogs up to 10 kg body weight: 1 tablet
• Dogs from 11 – 20 kg body weight: 2 tablets
• Dogs over 20 kg body weight: 3 tablets

Pack size DOGOjunior®:

60 tablets of 1 g each

Storage:

Store in a cool and dry place.

The expiry date refers to the unopened and properly stored product.